Basic Function Of Vitamin B3
Vitamin B 3 refers to a collection of chemicals that have a role in energy generation, fat metabolism, and nucleotide synthesis. Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide are soluble in water and belong to this category. Legumes, nuts, whole grains, mushrooms, and brewer's yeast are all good sources of vitamin B 3. Pellagra is a condition caused by a long-term lack of this vitamin in the body. Niacin and vitamin PP are two names for vitamin B 3. ( Pellagra Preventing ).
Precursor in the synthesis of NAD + and NADP +
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD +) and Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADP +) are synthesized using niacin as a precursor. While NADH is a reduced form of NAD +, NADPH is a reduced form of NADP +. These coenzymes function as hydrogen / electron donors / acceptors in 200 enzymes in the mitochondria and cytoplasm that catalyze redox processes. Some enzymes can also use NAD + and NADP +, however the majority of enzymes require one of two coenzymes. Many complicated enzymatic activities take occur in the cytosol, with the final reactions taking place in the nucleus, mitochondria, and Golgi apparatus with the aid of nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (NMNAT).
Energy production
Vitamin B 3 is necessary for the body's energy generation; specifically, its two forms, NAD + and NADP +, are required for the conversion of proteins, lipids, and carbs into useable energy. NAD + and NADP + have diverse activities in the body, despite the fact that they merely differ in the phosphate group. NAD + (NADH) is involved in the catabolism of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and alcohols to produce energy (glycolysis, oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, -oxidation of acetyl-CoA in the citrate cycle, -oxidation of fatty acids, oxidation of ethanol), whereas NADP + (NADPH) is involved in anabolic reactions (biosynthesis).
Fat metabolism
Vitamin B 3 is required for the body's fat metabolism. Fatty acids are essential for the manufacture of numerous steroid hormones and are the building elements of some cell components (e.g., cell membranes). Niacin's specific method of action on lipoproteins is uncertain, however it is considered to block fatty acid release from adipose tissue, increase lipoprotein lipase activity, decrease triglyceride synthesis, and inhibit lipolysis. Niacin lowers the quantity of free fatty acids in the blood and consequently lowers the excretion of VLDL (Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL)) and cholesterol from the liver by limiting fat breakdown. VLDLs are progenitors to Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), or "bad" cholesterol.
